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Tools Market Scanner Price $000 Duration 2 hours Enroll < Back About the Course This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. Want to view and manage all your collections? Click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left. Here, you can make changes to your content, add new fields, create dynamic pages and more. Your collection is already set up for you with fields and content. Add your own content or import it from a CSV file. Add fields for any type of content you want to display, such as rich text, images, and videos. Be sure to click Sync after making changes in a collection, so visitors can see your newest content on your live site. Your Instructor Marcus Harris This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. To manage all your collections, click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left.

Chart Tools Basic Price $000 Duration 2 hours Enroll < Back About the Course This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. Want to view and manage all your collections? Click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left. Here, you can make changes to your content, add new fields, create dynamic pages and more. Your collection is already set up for you with fields and content. Add your own content or import it from a CSV file. Add fields for any type of content you want to display, such as rich text, images, and videos. Be sure to click Sync after making changes in a collection, so visitors can see your newest content on your live site. Your Instructor Camilla Jones This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. To manage all your collections, click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left.

This page describes, in detail, the Tools for Traders Standard Plus Edition, by S&D Software, Inc. This entry in the Tools for Traders lineup provides tools to assist in Supply & Demand analysis, trend analysis, session analysis, price action analysis, and reversion to the mean analysis. For the convenience of the trader it also finds swing highs and lows, basing candles, base highs and lows, curve, and both the Candle in Control High and Low. Spend more time trading and less time charting! Tools created by traders for traders! Standard Plus Edition The Standard Plus Edition is a valuable addition to any trader's tool box. It reduces time spent on charting, provides insight to market action, and can enhance trading efficiency. Get Started with a Free Trial Table of Contents Download Overview PDF Chart Tool Standard Plus Session Tool Trade Finder Pattern Finder Snapback Price Direction Pressure Index (PDPI) Why Choose the Standard Plus Edition? Take Your Trading To A Higher Level This bundle brings together enhanced versions of both the TA Edition and the Standard Edition to create a remarkable edition that can benefit all traders. Chart Tool Standard Plus Down Down Down The Chart Tool Standard Plus can find and mark on your charts: Swing Highs and Lows Basing Candles Base Highs and Lows Candle in Control High and Low Segments Trend (Major and Minor) Curve Supply and Demand Bands Additional features: Supports Optimized Settings Files (OSF files) Can use Pro OSF files for pre-canned configurations Supports the creation and use of Personal OSF files Supports sharing settings between Chart Windows Swing Highs and Lows Swing Highs are indicated by placing a red dot above the swing high candle Swing Lows are indicated by placing a green dot below the swing low candles The size, color, and position of the dots used to mark swings are user configurable Basing Candles, Base Highs, Base Lows Basing Candles Are marked on the chart with a tick mark in the center of the candle. The default color for the tick mark is yellow, but the user can select any supported color. The user can choose to mark all basing candles or only those which are not nested. Base Highs and Lows Base Highs are marked with dashed red line. When a base high is broken, its color can be changed (magenta is used in the example) or it can be removed from the chart. Base Lows are marked with a dashed green line. When a base low is broken, its color can be changed (cyan is used in the example) or it can be removed from the chart. The length of the marker line used for a Base High or Base Low is determined by the length of the base that was broken. Candle in Control High and Low Candle in Control High and Low Marked on the chart using a text label User can control the color, font, and font size of the labels Updated dynamically as market conditions change An alert can be generated when either the CIC High or CIC Low changes Segments Segments form the low level trend (microtrend) for the chart Can be shown on the chart using trend lines or Bull & Bear boxes If shown using trend lines then A segment can be labeled with its length The average length and/or standard deviation in length for segments of the same type can be included in the label Segments with unusually long or short lengths can be automatically identified and are indicated by changing the color of their labels Trend The impulse and corrective moves of the major trend for the interval can be marked using trend lines, Bull &Bear boxes, or both If shown using lines, then An impulse or corrective move can be labeled with its length The average length and/or standard deviation in length for impulse/corrections of the same type can be included in the label Unusually long or short impulse/corrections can be automatically identified and are indicated by changing the color of their labels Curve Based on the Candle in Control High and Low Can be divided into arbitrarily sized parts Updated dynamically as market conditions change An alert can be generated whenever the curve changes. Supply and Demand Bands More than 30 rules are used to find supply and demand bands. 29 of the rules are under user control. Band Origin showing the pattern that created the band will be marked Supply bands are marked with a dot- dash pattern while demand bands are marked with solid lines so they are easy to tell apart Bands are colored to show, at a glance, how far price has penetrated the band (light blue for areas price has not reached, light red for areas that price has retested) The amount of time that a broken band is displayed on the chart is under user control Supply and Demand bands can be labeled with the date/time the band was created, the percent of the band that has been penetrated, the width of the band in dollars, as well as the price level of the proximal and distal lines of the band OSF File Support Supports Optimized Settings Files (OSF files) Can use Pro OSF files for pre-canned configurations Can create and use Personal OSF files for user defined configurations Personal OSF files allow the user to associate settings with a specific market, or interval, or market on an interval and have the Chart Tool automatically use those settings when the associated market /interval combination is being charted Personal OSF files can be layered on top of Pro OSF files to modify pre-canned configurations to the user’s needs OSF files can be used to ensure that multiple tools use the same settings when looking at the same markets (ex. Chart Tool, Trade Finder, and Pattern Finder can use the same OSF files) Makes it easy to share settings with others or deploy standardized settings across multiple systems OSF files can be used with the backtesting features of the Chart Tool to create standardized backtests that can be stored and run whenever the user needs them Sharing Settings Between Charts Supports sharing settings between Chart Windows Allows the settings used by a designated Chart Tool (the “sender”) to become the default settings for Chart Tools used in other chart windows (the “receivers”) There can be multiple Chart Tools acting as “senders”, and there can be multiple Chart Tool “receivers” assigned to each “sender” Can be used to let one Chart Tool act as a control point for multiple other Chart Tools In Chart Tools receiving shared settings: Settings may be received from only a single sender A Chart Tool which is receiving settings may not also be a sender of settings Personal OSF files can be layered on top of the shared settings to customize the settings used by a specific Chart Tool Manual overrides can be used to override specific shared settings (as well as settings from an OSF file) to customize/fine tune the settings used by a specific Chart Tool Can be used with the backtesting features in the Chart Tool to control and coordinate multiple backtests being run simultaneously Personalize your Charts Combine Chart Tool features to create the charts you need! Display just the information you want or need for the strategies you are using Customize the look and feel of your charts to convey information as quickly and easily as possible Spend less time charting and more time on other aspects of your trading! Session Tool Down Down Down The Session Tool can be used to provide the trader with pertinent information to assist with strategies and reduce the time spent on charting The Session Tool allows the user to define a session to be displayed on their chart. A session is a period of time during the day, and all candles which close during that time are considered to be part of the session. A session may correspond to a real world entity (such as the time period when the stock market is open), or it may be something which has no correlation to any real world entity or event that the user has created for their own use (such as for open range breakouts). So the definition and meaning of a session is entirely up to the user. The Session Tool is capable of collecting some statistics about a session, such as: The range of the session The average and standard deviation of range for sessions The length, average, and standard deviation of the distance from the open to the high for sessions The length, average, and standard deviation of the distance from the open to the low for sessions These statistics can be used to predict possible behavior for future sessions, or be used for other purposes, such as calculating a value for a strategy. The Session Tool can be used to project lines on the user’s chart. These lines may be for reference (such as prior daily/weekly/monthly/yearly highs and lows) or be calculated values for use with a strategy. Alerts can be generated when these lines are crossed. The Session Tool supports OSF files. The Session Tool can use Pro OSF files. Pro OSF can be used to configure the Session Tool for use with a specific strategy or trading style. The Session Tool can create and use Personal OSF Files to associate settings with specific markets or intervals (or a combination of both), and then automatically use those settings when the associated market, interval, or combination of market and interval is being charted. The Session Tool can use both Pro OSF and Personal OSF files simultaneously, in which case the Personal OSF file will be layered on top of the Pro OSF file. What is a Session? The Session Tool allows the user to define a session to be displayed on their chart. A session is a period of time during the trading day, and all candles which close during that time are considered to be part of the session. A session may correspond to a real world entity (such as the time period when the stock market is open), or it may be something which has no correlation to any real world entity or event that the user has created for their own use (such as for open range breakouts). So the definition and meaning of a session are entirely up to the user. The Session Tool is capable of collecting some statistics about a session: The range of the session The average and standard deviation of range for sessions The length, average, and standard deviation of the distance from the open to the high for sessions The length, average, and standard deviation of the distance from the open to the low for sessions These statistics can be used to predict possible behavior for future sessions, or be used for other purposes, such as calculating a value for a strategy. Projecting Lines on a Chart The Session Tool can be used to project lines on the user’s chart. These lines may be for reference (such as prior daily/weekly/monthly/yearly highs and lows) or be calculated values for use with a strategy. Alerts can be generated when these lines are crossed. Overall, the Session Tool can be used to provide the trader with pertinent reference information, to assist the trader with certain strategies, and to reduce the time spent on charting. OSF File Support Supports Optimized Settings Files (OSF files) Can use Pro OSF files for pre-canned configurations Can create and use Personal OSF files for user defined configurations Personal OSF files allow the user to associate settings with a specific market, or interval, or market on an interval and have the Chart Tool automatically use those settings when the associated market /interval combination is being charted Personal OSF files can be layered on top of Pro OSF files to modify pre-canned configurations to the user’s needs Personal OSF files make it easy to share settings with others or deploy standardized settings across multiple systems Sharing Settings Between Charts Supports sharing settings between Chart Windows Allows the settings used by a designated Session Tool (the “sender”) to become the default settings for Session Tools used in other chart windows (the “receivers”) There can be multiple Session Tools acting as “senders”, and there can be multiple Session Tool “receivers” assigned to each “sender” Can be used to let one Session Tool act as a control point for multiple other Session Tools In Session Tools receiving shared settings: Settings may be received from only a single sender A Session Tool which is receiving settings may not also be a sender of settings Personal OSF files can be layered on top of the shared settings to customize the settings used by a specific Session Tool Manual overrides can be used to override specific shared settings (as well as settings from an OSF file) to customize/fine tune the settings used by a specific Session Tool Trade Finder Down Down Down The Trade Finder is a tool designed to assist the user in finding Supply and Demand style trading opportunities. Supply and Demand style trades begin with price returning to a supply or demand band. The supply or demand band which price is returning to becomes the entry point for a trade. The Trader will have to specify what makes a supply or demand band acceptable as the entry point for a trade, as well as certain characteristics of the trade they desire, so that the Trade Finder knows what to look for. Some of the things that the Trade Finder allows the Trader to specify are: Proximity – How close must price be to a supply or demand band in order for the Trade Finder to consider that band as a possible entry point for a trade. Freshness – A “fresh” band is one which has not been retested by price. The Trader may tell the Trade Finder to only use “fresh” bands as the entry points for trades. Band width – The Trader may specify a minimum band width for supply or demand bands used as the entry point for a trade. Bands not meeting this minimum will be rejected. Curve Position – The Trader may specify what part of the Curve must a supply or demand band be in for it to be considered as a potential entry point for a trade. Reward to Risk Ratio (RR Ratio) – The Trader may specify a minimum acceptable Reward to Risk Ratio for a potential trade to be acceptable. When the Trade Finder finds a supply or demand band which could be the entry point for a trade, it will look for the first opposing band, measure the distance to that opposing band, and then divide that by the width of the entry band to estimate the possible RR ratio. If the estimated RR ratio does not meet the Trader’s requirements, then the potential trade will be rejected. Since the Chart Tool and the Trade Finder both use the same engine for finding supply and demand bands, all of the settings found in the Chart Tool for controlling the discovery and management of bands are available in the Trade Finder. The Trade Finder can use OSF files generated for the Chart Tool. The use of OSF files can help ensure that, when the Chart Tool and Trade Finder are both looking at the same market, they are using the same setting. Outputs The Trade Finder can issue an alert when it finds a potential trade that meets all of the requirements it was given. The Trade Finder provides the following information about any potential trade it has found which meets the requirements it was given: Requested Proximity CIC High and Low Was a short trade or a long trade found The proximal and distal lines of both the entry band and the target band for the trade The value of the entry and target bands is provided in dollars instead of points How far price has previously penetrated both the entry and target bands for the trade The date and time for the formation of both the entry and target bands for the trade Example of the Trade Finder used in a TradeStation® RadarScreen® Pattern Finder Down Down Down The Pattern Finder is a pattern matching tool. It understands the four classic Supply & Demand patterns (DBR, RBR, RBD, DBD) and can find them individually or in combination. It has, for each pattern, the same settings as the Chart Tool for defining an acceptable pattern of that type. It also has settings to allow the user to define what Supply & Demand pattern, or combination of Supply & Demand patterns, to search for. It can be used in a RadarScreen® to monitor specific markets for the development of specific patterns or combinations of patterns, and it can be used with the TradeStation® Scanner to search for markets where a specific pattern or combination of patterns has occurred. It also supports the OSF subsystem and can use certain OSF files produced by/for the Chart Tool. Some of the key features of this tool are: The Pattern Finder has more than 30 rules per pattern that it uses when looking for acceptable Supply & Demand patterns. There are 29 rules per pattern that are under user control. The Pattern Finder can search for individual Supply & Demand patterns (up to four simultaneously). The Pattern Finder has two built-in compound reversal patterns that it knows how to search for (DBR-RBR, and RBD-DBD), and can search for those simultaneously. The Pattern Finder accepts user defined compound patterns of arbitrary length (ex. DBD-DBD-DBR-RBR-RBR). For compound patterns, the user can place individual limits on how many candles may appear between two consecutive patterns in the compound pattern. For example, if the user wishes to search for a compound reversal pattern consisting of a DBD, followed by a DBR, followed by an RBR, and they wish to limit the number of candles between the DBD and the DBR to no more than 40, and they wish to limit the number of candles between the DBR and the RBR to no more than 25, they can do so. Outputs When the Pattern Finder discovers a matching pattern, it can issue an alert. It will also output the date and time of the leg-out candle of the pattern found and whether the pattern is a supply or demand pattern. The user should carefully examine the pattern found by the Pattern Finder as the tool does not assess the state of the pattern (broken or unbroken). Snapback Down Down Down Exploit "Reversion to the Mean" with Advanced Analytical Capabilities The Snapback Indicator is based upon the concept of "Reversion to the Mean." The basic idea is that price tends to stay near an average value. This average value may change over time, but the average changes at a rate that is slower than what price can do. If price suddenly moves well away from the current average value, then price will move in a way to reduce the distance between itself and the current average. The two most common behaviors we see when price has opened a large gap between itself and its current average, are the snapback and the stall: A snapback occurs when price stops moving away from its current average and instead moves back towards it, often touching or crossing the average. A stall occurs when price moves sideways and waits for the average to close the gap by catching up to price. Unidirectional Mode The Snapback Indicator creates a histogram where the height of the bars in the histogram represent how far away from the mean price currently is. The color of the bars in the histogram indicate how unusual it is for price to be that distance from the mean. Green bars indicate that price is within 1 standard deviation of the mean. This is the “comfort” zone where price normally likes to stay. Yellow bars indicate that price has left the “comfort” zone and is between 1 and 2 standard deviations away from the mean. When the bars are yellow, it is possible to get a snapback or stall. Red bars indicate that price is well away from the “comfort” zone and is between 2 and 3 standard deviations away from the mean. Red bars typically mean that a snapback or stall is likely to happen soon. Magenta bars indicate that price is more than 3 standard deviations from the mean. This is very unusual (extreme!) and typically means that a snapback or stall is almost certainly coming, its just a matter of when. Bidirectional Mode The Snapback Histogram can be displayed in either Unidirectional mode or Bidirectional mode. In Unidirectional Mode, all of the bars point in the same direction and show how far price is from the mean. It does not indicate whether price is above or below the mean. In Bidirectional Mode, the bars of the histogram point in the direction that price will move if a snapback occurs. The bars still show how far price is from the mean, but they now take into account whether price is above or below the mean. In either mode, a signal line may optionally be generated using a moving average of the height of the bars. In Use This chart shows the Snapback indicator in use on the ES (futures) on a 5 minute interval. The Snapback Indicator is set to track the distance from price to the mean as a multiple of the ATR. This helps to adjust for changes in volatility during the trading day. The signal line is turned off. The warn if above line is active and is set to 2. If the distance from price to the mean is above 2 ATR (which means the mean is 2 ATR or more above price), then an alert will be generated. The warn if below line is set to -2. If the distance from price to the mean is below -2 ATR (which means the mean is 2 ATR or more below price), then an alert will be generated. Snapback Scan The Snapback Scan Indicator is a version of the Snapback Indicator which is designed to operate in a TradeStation® RadarScreen® or Scan. By user request, it contains some additional settings not found in the Snapback Indicator which allow the user to tweak the internal workings of the indicator. The Snapback Scan Indicator is intended to be used in conjunction with the Trade Finder, Pattern Finder, and Chart Tool, where it can act as an odds enhancer for the bands or patterns found by those tools. Price Direction Pressure Index (PDPI) Down Down Down The Price Direction Pressure Index (PDPI) is an indicator that examines price movement both within candles and between candles. The price movement it finds is characterized as either upward or downward movement. The upward movement and downward movement are processed independently of each other and can be displayed independently, together, or as a composite index. The values displayed can be either raw or as an index with a range of 0 to 100. Statistics are used to convert raw values to index values when index values are required. When the PDPI is showing the composite index, values below 50 indicate that there is more pressure on price to go down than up, and values over 50 indicate that there is more pressure on price to go up than down. The PDPI is primarily used on Time based, Tick based, or Share based charts. The Composite Index The PDPI in use on the NO (futures) for 12-20-2023 on a 1597 tick chart. Some areas of divergence have been marked. Divergence is usually a sign that support for the current move in price is changing. Upward & Downward Pressure The PDPI in use on the NQ (futures) for 12-20-2023 on a 1597 tick chart. In this example, the PDPI is showing the upward (green) and downward (red) pressure individually. Combined Display The PDPI in use on the MNQ (futures) for 3-27- 2024 on a 987 tick chart. In this example, the PDPI is showing the up pressure index (dark solid green line), down pressure index (solid red line), and the composite pressure index (light green dot-dash line) as well as some divergences. The divergences show that the support for the current price move is changing. Why Choose the Standard Plus Edition? Down Down Is the Standard Plus Edition Right for me? Our Standard Plus Edition is more in line with your needs if your trade plan requires more sophisticated analysis techniques. Our Standard Plus Edition includes all the features of our Standard Edition and our TA Edition. This edition also includes enhanced control over how Supply & Demand bands are found, enhanced OSF Support, and both a pattern finder and a trade finder to assist in finding trading opportunities resulting in a remarkable package! If you are an advanced trader using multiple techniques and strategies, then the enhanced capabilities of the Standard Plus Edition may be right for you. Also, please feel free to join us in The Foundry . The Foundry is free and is open to all traders for trading related activities. Get Started with a Free Trial Download Overview PDF Download the Standard Plus Edition Overview PDF Download Explore Other Editions Basic Edition A Solid Foundation for New Traders Dive into Supply & Demand trading with essential tools that streamline decision making. Explore Basic TA Edition Optimized for Traditional Technical Analysis Optimized for classic trading styles focusing on trend analysis and breakout strategies. Explore TA Standard Edition Advanced Features for Supply & Demand Traders Expand your analytical capabilities with more complex tools and customizations. Explore Standard Ultimate Edition Superior Capabilities for Advanced Traders Master the markets with our most powerful suite of trading tools and support. Explore Ultimate The Foundry Join a collaborative community of active traders for growth, support, and lasting camaraderie. While membership is not required to access The Foundry and participate in sessions, membership is required to access the Foundry Blog, Forum, File Access Server, and Discussion Group. Learn More Answers to your questions Here are some answers to commonly asked questions: How do I get started? To get started, you should register on the website . Before selecting a Tools for Traders edition, you may wish to attend one or more of the Tools for Traders Public Forums where you can see the Tools in action, ask questions, and meet the Community. These are held in The Foundry and are listed on the Community Events Calendar . The Foundry is free and open to all traders for trading related activities. What tools do you offer? We offer a range of leading edge tools which provide pertinent information and real-time market analysis
which can be customized to support your trading strategies. Is my data secure? Yes, we take data security seriously. We use industry-standard encryption and follow strict privacy protocols to ensure the safety and confidentiality of your information. Can I cancel my subscription? Monthly subscriptions can be canceled. A monthly subscription should be canceled at least 48 hours before the renewal date to allow for proper processing. Yearly subscriptions, due to the discounts given, are paid in full in advance and can not be canceled.

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Snap Back Indicator Price $000 Duration 2 hours Enroll < Back About the Course This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. Want to view and manage all your collections? Click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left. Here, you can make changes to your content, add new fields, create dynamic pages and more. Your collection is already set up for you with fields and content. Add your own content or import it from a CSV file. Add fields for any type of content you want to display, such as rich text, images, and videos. Be sure to click Sync after making changes in a collection, so visitors can see your newest content on your live site. Your Instructor Brian Chung This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. To manage all your collections, click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left.

< Back This is a Title 02 This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. Want to view and manage all your collections? Click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left. Here, you can make changes to your content, add new fields, create dynamic pages and more. You can create as many collections as you need. Your collection is already set up for you with fields and content. Add your own, or import content from a CSV file. Add fields for any type of content you want to display, such as rich text, images, videos and more. You can also collect and store information from your site visitors using input elements like custom forms and fields. Be sure to click Sync after making changes in a collection, so visitors can see your newest content on your live site. Preview your site to check that all your elements are displaying content from the right collection fields. Previous Back To List Download File Next

Trade Finder Basics Price $000 Duration 2 hours Enroll < Back About the Course This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. Want to view and manage all your collections? Click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left. Here, you can make changes to your content, add new fields, create dynamic pages and more. Your collection is already set up for you with fields and content. Add your own content or import it from a CSV file. Add fields for any type of content you want to display, such as rich text, images, and videos. Be sure to click Sync after making changes in a collection, so visitors can see your newest content on your live site. Your Instructor Brad Grecco This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content. To manage all your collections, click on the Content Manager button in the Add panel on the left.

This page contains S&D Software's risk disclosure statements. S&D Software, Inc. Risk Disclosure ETFs, Equities, Futures, foreign currency and options trading contains substantial risk and is not for every investor. An investor could potentially lose all or more than the initial investment. Risk capital is money that can be lost without jeopardizing one’s financial security or lifestyle. Only risk capital should be used for trading and only those with sufficient risk capital should consider trading. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. Virtual Currencies Risk Disclosure The trading of virtual currencies and Bitcoin futures contracts carries additional risk. Prior to trading virtual currencies, please view NFA & CFTC advisories providing more information on the potentially significant risks associated with investing in these asset classes Hypothetical Risk Disclosure CFTC RULE 4.41 – Hypothetical or simulated performance results have certain limitations. Unlike an actual performance record, simulated results DO NOT REPRESENT ACTUAL TRADING. Also, since the trades have not been executed, the results may have under-or-over compensated for the impact, if any, of certain market factors, such as lack of liquidity, simulated trading programs in general are also subject to the fact that they are designed with the benefit of hindsight. No representation is being made that any account will or is likely to achieve profits or losses similar to those shown. HYPOTHETICAL PERFORMANCE DISCLOSURE: Hypothetical performance results have many inherent limitations, some of which are described below. No representation is being made that any account will or is likely to achieve profits or losses similar to those shown; in fact, there are frequently sharp differences between hypothetical performance results and the actual results subsequently achieved by any particular trading program. One of the limitations of hypothetical performance results is that they are generally prepared with the benefit of hindsight. In addition, hypothetical trading does not involve financial risk, and no hypothetical trading record can completely account for the impact of financial risk of actual trading. For example, the ability to withstand losses or to adhere to a particular trading program in spite of trading losses are material points which can also adversely affect actual trading results. There are numerous other factors related to the markets in general or to the implementation of any specific trading program which cannot be fully accounted for in the preparation of hypothetical performance results and all which can adversely affect trading results. Copyright © 2021 S&D Software, Inc. All rights reserved. This document was last updated on September 1, 2021.

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This page is a glossary of terms used on this website. Glossary Tools created by traders for traders! Terms Covered Candle Rally Candle Drop Candle Basing Candle Base Candle Base Leg-out Leg-in Base High Base Low Follow Through Candles Basing Candle In Control Rally-Base-Rally (RBR) Rally-Base-Drop (RBD) Drop-Base-Drop Drop-Base-Rally (DBR) Supply Band Demand Band Proximal Line Distal Line Band Labels Origin Box Swing Low Swing High CIC High CIC Low Trend Segment Bull Box Bear Box Impulse and Corrective Moves Curve Tick Point Value of a Tick and a Point Drive Letter and Directory Path Filename Prefix and Path Name Welcome to our glossary of terms! This glossary contains many of the trading and non-trading terms you will see on this website, along with simple, practical explanations of what they mean. Click on a term (listed on the left) to go to the definition. Candle A representation of price action over a fixed interval. The most common intervals are time-based (5 min, 15 min, 60 min, daily, etc.), but an interval can be defined in other terms as well, such as a fixed number of ticks or a fixed number of shares changing hands. If we define the interval to be 1000 shares, then a candle would represent the price action which took place over the course of 1000 shares being bought and/or sold. A candle has several parts: High – the highest price reached during the interval. Low – the lowest price reached during the interval. Open – the value of the price at the beginning of the interval. Close – the value of the price at the end of the interval. Body – the part of the candle between the open and the close of the candle. If the close is greater than the open, then the body of the candle is usually colored green. If the close is below the open, then the body of the candle is usually colored red. Wick – A candle may or may not have a wick(s). A wick occurs when the high and/or the low of the candle lie outside of the candle body. In this case, a line is drawn from the candle body to the high and/or the low outside the candle body, and these lines are known as wicks. Down Rally Candle Down A candle that closes above its open as well as above the high of the previous candle. Rally candles are typically large candles with most of the candle being in the body and either small wicks or no wicks at all. Drop Candle Down A candle that closes below its open as well as below the low of the previous candle. Drop candles are typically large candles with most of the candle being in the body and either small wicks or no wicks at all. Basing Candle A candle where one or more immediately following candles close between its high and low. A basing candle must have an area of supply above it and an area of demand below it. The candles which follow it are "trapped" between those areas of supply and demand and are relatively in balance. This is known as "basing". A basing candle is considered “active” or “unbroken” until a candle closes above the high of the basing candle or below the low of the basing candle. Down Base Candle A candle which closes between the high and low of a basing candle which precedes it. Any candles between itself and the basing candle must also be base candles of the same basing candle. Down Base A basing candle followed by one or more base candles. The base ends when a candle closes above the high or below the low of the basing candle. Down Leg-out (LO) For a given base, this is the first candle which closes above the high of the basing candle which started the base, or below the low of the basing candle which started the base. The leg-out candle ends the base, and it is not counted as part of the base. Down Leg-in (LI) For a downtrend, it is the last candle before a base which closed below the previous candle's low. For an uptrend, it is the last candle before a base which closed above the previous candle's high. Down Base High The area of supply that is left when the price breaks out of a base to the downside. A base high is considered active until a candle closes above it. Down Base Low The area of demand that remains when the price breaks out of a base to the upside. A base low is considered active until a candle closes below it. Down Follow Through Candles Follow Through Candles follow the leg-out of a valid pattern (DBR, RBR, RBD, DBD) and, depending on the pattern, make higher highs or lower lows. For a demand pattern (DBR, RBR), follow through candles will make higher highs. For supply patterns (RBD, DBD), follow through candles will make lower lows. Down Basing Candle in Control (BCIC) Basing candles may be nested. A basing candle is nested when it appears in the base of another active/unbroken basing candle. When basing candles are nested, the one that is said to be in control is the outermost basing candle of the nest, which is the basing candle which started the nest and the one basing candle in the nest which is not a nested basing candle. Down Down Rally-Base-Rally (RBR) The RBR candle pattern is one of the patterns that the Chart Tool searches for. This pattern is marked by a leg-in which is a rally candle, a base, and then a leg-out which is also a rally candle. Under certain conditions, the basing candle which starts the base may be used as the leg-in candle. This pattern is classified as a continuation pattern and is normally associated with demand in the Supply & Demand Trading Methodology. Rally-Base-Drop (RBD) The RBD candle pattern is one of the patterns that the Chart Tool searches for. This pattern is marked by a leg-in which is a rally candle, a base, and then a leg-out which is a drop candle. Under certain conditions, the basing candle which starts the base may be used as the leg-in candle. This pattern is classified as a reversal pattern and is normally associated with supply in the Supply & Demand Trading Methodology. Down Drop-Base-Drop (DBD) The DBD candle pattern is one of the patterns that the Chart Tool searches for. This pattern is marked by a leg-in which is a drop candle, a base, and then a leg-out which is also a drop candle. Under certain conditions, the basing candle which starts the base may be used as the leg-in candle. This pattern is classified as a continuation pattern and is normally associated with supply in the Supply & Demand Trading Methodology. Down Drop-Base-Rally (DBR) The DBR candle pattern is one of the patterns that the Chart Tool searches for. This pattern is marked by a leg-in which is a drop candle, a base, and then a leg-out which is a rally candle. Under certain conditions, the basing candle which starts the base may be used as the leg-in candle. This pattern is classified as a reversal pattern and is normally associated with demand in the Supply & Demand Trading Methodology. Down Supply Band This is an area on the chart where supply and demand are out of balance (supply exceeds demand) and likely to remain so. These areas are normally associated with the bases of RBD and DBD patterns and the Chart Tool draws these bands on the chart using those bases. A supply band is considered “fresh” if price has not returned to the band since it was created. A supply band is considered active until a candle closes above the band, in which case the band is considered broken. Broken supply bands have no more supply left in them and should not be used. Down Demand Band This is an area on the chart where supply and demand are out of balance (demand exceeds supply) and likely to remain so. These areas are normally associated with the bases of DBR and RBR patterns and the Chart Tool draws these bands on the chart using those bases. A demand band is considered “fresh” if price has not returned to the band since it was created. A demand band is considered active until a candle closes below the band, in which case the band is considered broken. Broken demand bands have no more demand left in them and should not be used. Down Down Proximal Line When a band is formed, the Proximal Line is the edge of the band closest to price. For a demand band, this would be the edge of the band with the highest price. For a supply band, it would be the edge of the band with the lowest price. Distal Line When a band is formed, the Distal Line is the edge of the band furthest from price. For a demand band, this would be the edge of the band with the lowest price. For a supply band, it would be the edge of the band with the highest price. Down Band Labels The proximal and distal lines of bands can be labeled. The labels can be configured to show the price which corresponds to the proximal or distal line, how deeply price has penetrated the band (if at all), as well as the date and time the band was created. Down Origin Box The Chart Tool can draw a box around the base of the pattern that was used to create a band. That box is called the Origin Box. The Origin Box will cover the entire base, and will extend left and right to cover the complete pattern, even those parts not used for drawing the band. Down Swing Low A candle whose low is less than the lows of the candles which surround it. A swing low must have at least 2 candles on either side of it which have both higher lows and higher highs than the swing low. These 2 candles do not need to be adjacent to the swing low, but must appear before a candle with a lower low than the swing low. Down Swing High A candle whose high is greater than the highs of the candles which surround it. A swing high must have at least 2 candles on either side of it which have both lower highs and lower lows than the swing high. These 2 candles do not need to be adjacent to the swing high, but must appear before a candle with a higher high than the swing high. Down CIC High The Candle in Control High is the most recent swing high where the swing highs immediately preceding it are lower, and all of the swing highs after it are lower. Furthermore, at some point after the CIC High, price will drop below the swing low immediately prior to the CIC High. Thus, the CIC High represents a significant turning point in the direction of price movement. Down CIC Low The Candle in Control Low is the most recent swing low where the swing lows immediately preceding it are higher, and all of the swing lows after it are higher. Furthermore, at some point after the CIC Low, price will exceed the swing high immediately prior to the CIC Low. Thus, the CIC Low represents a significant turning point in the direction of price movement. Down Trend The tendency of price to move in a certain direction. Trend can be up, down, or sideways. A trend consists of a series of price moves. The price moves in an uptrend will produce higher swing highs and higher swing lows. The price moves in a downtrend will produce lower swing highs and lower swing lows. An upward price move starts with a swing low which is surrounded by 2 or more higher swing lows. It ends on a swing high which is surrounded by 2 or more lower swing highs. A downward price move starts with a swing high which is surrounded by 2 or more lower swing highs. It ends on a swing low which is surrounded by 2 or more higher swing lows. Down Down Segment A short term move in the market. An upward segment begins with a swing low and ends with the first swing high which is followed by a swing low. A downward segment begins with a swing high and ends with the first swing low which is followed by a swing high. Segments are often represented using lines or bull & bear boxes. In the example above, the segments are represented using lines, while swing highs are marked with red dots above them and swing lows are marked with green dots below them. Bull Box A box drawn on the chart enclosing the candles of an upward segment. The box is normally shaded using a semi-transparent green color. Down Bear Box A box drawn on the chart enclosing the candles of a downward segment. The box is normally shaded using a semi-transparent red color. Down Down Impulse and Corrective Moves The price moves in a trend can be categorized as either Impulse moves or Corrective moves. An Impulse move is a price move in the direction of the trend. A Corrective move is a price move in the opposite direction of the trend. These moves are normally comprised of multiple segments. Curve Down The area between the CIC High and the CIC Low. This area is normally broken into three or more equal parts. It is generally believed that major changes in price direction, if they occur, are more likely to occur in the top or bottom parts of the curve. Tick There are two aspects to a tick: size and value. For any given market, the size of a tick is the minimum allowed change in price. All prices are a whole multiple of this minimum allowed price change. For most stocks, the size of a tick is normally $0.01. For futures markets, the size of a tick will depend upon the market. For example, the size of a tick for ES (the e-mini S&P 500 contract) is $0.25. For RTY (the e-mini Russell 2000 contract) the size of a tick is $0.10. Down Point There are two aspects to a point: size and value. A point is a whole multiple of a tick, and, for any given market, is usually equal to a $1 price change in the market. So the size of a point is usually $1, and the number of ticks per point is , for ES (the e-mini S&P 500 contract), the size of a tick is $0.25 and the size of a point is $1. This means there are 4 ticks per point for this market. For RTY (the e-mini Russell 2000 contract), the size of a tick is $0.10 and the size of a point is $1, so there are 10 ticks per point when trading the RTY. Down Value of a Tick and a Point The value of a tick also depends upon the market. For most stocks, the value of a tick is equal to the size of a tick. For futures markets, though, the value of a tick may be completely different than the size of a tick. For example, the value of a tick for ES is $12.50 while the size is only $0.25. For RTY, the value of a tick is $5 while the size of a tick is only $0.10. The value of a point also depends upon the market. For most stocks, the value of a point is equal to the size of a point. For futures markets, the value of a point may be completely different than the size of a point. For example, the value of a point on the ES is $50 while the size of a point is $1. For the NQ (e-mini NASDAQ 100 contract), the value of a point is $20, the size of a point is $1, and the size of a tick is $0.25, so there are 4 ticks per point. Down Calculating Profits and Losses To calculate the profits or losses for a trade, you can take the difference between the starting and ending price for the position you held, convert that to points by dividing by the size of a point, multiply by the value of a point, and then multiply by the size of your position. For example, if you had a position consisting of 10 ES contracts in the futures market and the price of ES went up by $5, then your profit would be ($5 / $1) * $50 * 10 = $2500. If you had a position consisting of 1000 shares of SPY (S&P 500 ETF traded on the stock market) and the price of SPY went up by $1.50, then your profits would be ($1.50 / $1) * $1 * 1000 = $1500. Down Down Drive Letter and Directory Path Drive Letter: Each mass storage device directly attached to your computer (often called “drives”) is normally assigned a letter. Letters can also be assigned to specific portions of a storage device. Drive C, for instance, normally refers to the storage device (or part of a storage device) where the operating system for the computer is located. In operations involving the file system of the computer, the drive letter is used to designate which storage device the operation should be performed on. Directory Path: A list of directories (aka folders) separated by backslashes. Each directory in the list must be contained in the directory that precedes it in the list. The first backslash in the list is a reference to the root directory of the drive. If the directory path starts without a backslash, then the directory path is considered to start in the current directory of the drive. Filename Prefix and Path Name Filename Prefix: A string of characters given to a program for the purpose of generating a filename. The program will append additional items to the string of characters provided to generate the filename. The Chart Tool will typically add the market symbol, interval, and a date/time stamp to the filename prefix, depending upon what it is generating a filename for. Path Name: A text string comprised of a Drive Letter, a colon, and a Directory Path. It designates a specific directory on a specific storage device in the computer’s file system. Down Explore Editions Basic Edition A Solid Foundation for New Traders Dive into Supply & Demand trading with essential tools that streamline decision making. 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